Ask Denny Strecker

Veronica Fisher asked:


There is no denying that homosexual parenthood is now a valid personal choice. Along with the increasing acceptance for homosexuality comes the increasing acceptance for homosexual parenthood. It cannot be denied however that homosexual parenthood still has a tremendous share of challenges. Homosexual parents may be in need of a good parenting article to help them through. The fact is, the practical parenting article for homosexual parents is not that easy to come across. This is because the common parenting article for same sex parents may involve in varying degrees a history of homosexuality, current views on homosexuality and experiential accounts. What is a parenting article for homosexual parents trying to tell us?

While a good parenting article should include some practical tips, a parenting article for homosexual parents should also include a lot of other things. This is because a parenting article for homosexual parents should also show the reality of how homosexuality is accepted in today’s society. Yes, your parenting article may tell you that many people are now accepting homosexuality and same sex parenthood as a valid way of life. On the other hand each and every parenting article for homosexual parents also tells you that homosexuality is still very much a controversial issue.

Your typical parenting article will tell you for example that among some higher ranking government officials, the concept of same sex marriage and parenthood is still not accepted. Your parenting article will also tell you that many other religious institutions, social groups and individuals merely diplomatically couch their words of disagreement and criticism. You will also be told that bullying in schools of children of same sex parents is still very much a reality. Why do homosexual parents need to know about all this?

A parenting article for homosexual parents should be able to inform parents of the present truths about homosexuality and how children of homosexual parents are actually treated. Such knowledge can better prepare homosexual parents for the unique challenges of homosexual parenthood. How can kids for example be taught confidence if they are derided in school? How can you expect your child to accept and understand your chosen way of life if his outside social environment is telling him not to?

A good parenting article therefore for homosexual parents should look into realities first before anything else to educate same sex parents. On a more positive light, a parenting article may also show the actual optimistic truths about homosexual parenthood. Reading in a parenting article about the good aspects of homosexual parenthood is both encouraging for homosexual parents and a way for them to educate their children about their family situation.

It is for example positively enlightening to know that according to studies, same sex parents are also capable of rearing healthy, normal and socially functional children. Many children of homosexuals are also able to develop meaningful relationships with people around them. Articles for homosexual parents should therefore invariably educate and encourage. Parenting articles for homosexual parents show the uncolored truth about homosexual parenthood, with all its parental joys and challenges.



Victoria

Abhishek Agarwal asked:


According to Wikipedia, mono parents are parents without partners in raising a child or children. Thus, a mono parent is one who raises his or her bud solely and lonely, spouseless.

Illustrations on mono parents will be at variance from place to place. Each societal mannerism treats and classifies them to their accord.

Treatment of mono parents modify according to where they are put up. Mono parents in urban areas are dealt with in a more positive manner in contrast to those from rural areas.

Mono parenting has become a widespread scenario in today’s lifestyle. But not all cultures receive this change in the way of living, with a positive outlook.

Mono parents- Their practicality

The mother or father is left to raise the bud, companionless, due to various causes and reasons.

They are singled out due to reasons like annulment, mutual separation (break-up), one of them is imprisoned or has kicked the bucket.

The so called parent, who raises the bud, is not necessary to be blood related to that bud. The DNA affirmation does not really count to classify him or her as a mono parent.

Parenting singly is a mere option opted by the person, if the bud is not his or her organic child. Opting to raise another person’s bud is an aristocratic gesture.

As per the latest research, mono parents should get hold of their bud either legally or by adopting or by getting pregnant, unnaturally, or by becoming the surrogate mother.

Thus, mono parenting is a personal option, depending on one’s own individuality. Bringing up a kid is a strenuous task and a costly affair, considering the present standard of living. Mono parenting might not always be successful.

In a few places, where the lifestyle of people is still passé, mono parents are regarded pariah. The reason is that, in those days, parenting children who are not born to them or raising a kid companionless, was considered as sin.

Mono parenting – Today’s Fashion

Latest reports, taken in US, states that, on normal standards, thirty percent of the kids are raises in households of mono parents.

Parents, who are single, are dominantly mothers. The impact of mono parenting is more dawned upon mothers who are singled out. But, mono parents in fatherly figures, are also on a rise.

The male being a mono parent is a widespread scenario in Muslim dominated areas, due to the fact that they are yet to acknowledge the capability of a woman.

According to the 2002 poll taken in US, kids growing under the father’s in charge was around ten plus five percent of parenthood. But this data has increased one tenth, over the decade.

Thus, its is inferred that in the 20th century, male gender shouldering the responsibility of raising a child was not prominent and such a scenario has changed adversely, as the lifestyle of people shifted.

Mono parenthood

Flow through the life, is what our living preaches us. Mono parenting has become a common gesture in our day to day life. Accept the change. Live the way you want.

Mono parenting, a sin, has become passé. The kids raised parents are not seen indifferently now. In fact, present regulations are in favor of such parents and children and the kids are protected from close minded people, by these legislations.

Nowadays, mono parenthood has become a part and parcel of the societal mannerisms. In fact, mono parents are acknowledged and appreciated for their strength of will and aristocratic gesture.



Wyatt

Gary Direnfeld, MSW, RSW asked:


In intact relationships, parents do not usually consider how decisions are made with regard to the care of the children, let along who would carry out the various parenting tasks. However, once parents are living separate and apart, these issues must be clearly specified, understood and agreed upon to avoid conflict and assure proper care.

A Parenting Plan is a written agreement between separated parents setting out the rules and structures for the ongoing care of the children. Parenting plans are constructed with sensitivity to the developmental and cultural needs of the children and the ability of the parents to meet those needs given respective parental strengths, weaknesses and willingness.

Parenting Plans are generally developed on a consensus-building model between the parents, whose efforts may be supported by others. Depending on the nature and quality of support required, supports may include legal counsel, parenting coaches, child specialists, family specialists and other specialists with knowledge, expertise and training in matters such as: mental health, addictions, domestic violence, child development and the like.

As with the development of any plan between separated parents, it is necessary to be mindful of power and control issues and imbalances that could give rise to lop-sided agreements; agreements not necessarily in the best interests of the children; or agreements that may perpetuate harm or may place persons at risk of harm.

Parenting Plans typically contemplate matters in terms of responsibilities and authority as well as set out rules and structure for the direct care of the children between the parents. By way of example, one parent may retain authority for deciding a medical procedure, yet the other parent may be responsible for assuring attendance and implementation of the decision.

In view of the above, the Parenting Plan document will usually address at least, the following:

Distribution of time the children are in each parents’ care; Consideration for holidays, birthdays, special occasions, religious days, summer vacation; Transfer of care of children between the parents including transportation arrangements; Purchase/exchange of belongings; Healthcare decisions and responsibilities; Access to information; Extracurricular activities (how choices are made and rules for parental attendance); Involvement of new partners/family; Change of name; Religion; Education; Parental communication; Decision making processes and dispute resolution processes; Limits/rules on mobility and/or travel; Date or circumstances for review; Considerations for special problems (geographical distances, mental health, abuse/violence, etc.)

Parents are advised to consider the input of a professional with experience in these matters to be assured that their plan is appropriate to the developmental, emotional, psychological and safety needs of the child.

Gary Direnfeld, MSW, RSW

(905) 628-4847

gary@yoursocialworker.com

http://www.yoursocialworker.com



Carson

Alvaro Castillo asked:


21st century parents may be the most anxious and guilt-ridden parents of any generation. Prior to the 20th century parents viewed children as resilient and that the stresses of life would strengthen them. Today’s parents view children as fragile and believe that only a very careful, closely supervised act of parenting will imbue children with sufficient confidence and self-esteem to succeed.

The 20th century created huge erosion in parental confidence. This was due to multiple factors, some of the most significant were Freud’s claims that all adult neuroses could be traced to parenting mistakes. The behaviorist Watson aided and abetted this view by stating that parents could cause any child to become any kind of person simply by following his behavioral strategies.

Dr. Spock, who was read by millions and frequently changed his views, also supported the notion that parents were the most significant agents in how children turned out. The notion that parents could significantly damage their children through “incorrect” methods of parenting remains a very popular view despite contradictory professional opinions about what children need.

While parent are hugely important, we now know that children are also strongly affected by siblings, peer group, neighborhood, genetics, and socioeconomic level. Changes in the economy have meant that young adults who graduate from college since the early 1970’s have fewer opportunities to become financially independent than did those during prior decades.

Parents worry that children who don’t get into college or into a good college may be closed out of the decreasing opportunities that are available. The likelihood of divorce also contributed to parental anxiety and insecurity. Parents worry that any conflict with their child or between the parents may damage their children or their long-term relationships with them.

Because of divorce, many believe that their relationship with their child may be the one long-term relationship that they can count on. This, along with fewer children, has meant that parents now more strongly value their children and their relationships with them.

In addition, while parents of prior generations spent time with friends and neighbors, today’s parents spend all of their time with their children at the expense of a social life, and often, the well being of the marriage. Speaking with a parenting coach may reduce worry and guilt and, if so, that can be worthwhile. In addition, some children present behavioral challenges and raise questions that do require expert intervention and guidance.

However, many parents need to learn to trust their own instincts. My experience is that parents, more often than not, know the right action, they just feel too worried about it contradicting something that they read on a website or heard on a talk show. When looking for a parenting coach parents should know that there is no uniformly correct way to parent children. Beware any “expert” who states that there is.



Connor

Emily Watson asked:


Being a parent is hard but oh, the delight our children bring us! The smiles, giggles, innocence and wonder…children are our treasure! Each child is special and unique and come with their own needs, personalities, and desires. While parenting is a joy, it is also hard work and a challenge. Sometimes, finding a solution to a situation with our kids can be difficult. There are so many theories on child psychology and child rearing that parents searching for tips for parenting can feel overwhelmed and begin to question their own beliefs.

But while there are so many different tips for parenting and raising your children, there are a few tips for parenting that should always be practiced. Of course no parent is perfect or ever will ever be perfect, but what we can do as parents is continue to move forward and learn to hone our skills as parents in order to raise healthy and happy children.

There is not one right way to raise children just as there is no such thing as a perfect parent or a perfect child. But here are some guidelines to help your children grow up healthy and happy that you can implement today.

Tips for Parenting #1: Show Love

Children need to be shown and told they’re loved. Each and everyday, numerous times a day, tell your children you love them. Take them in your arms and hug them, kiss them, and tell them how special they are to you.

Tips for Parenting #2: Praise

Children need to know you recognize when they do something well. When you catch your child doing something good, tell them you are proud of them and that you notice how wonderful they are.

Tips for Parenting #3: Listen

It is so important our children are heard. Even if they are wrong or unreasonable, listen to them. It doesn’t mean you give into them, but listening tells your children you think they are important and you are interested in their feelings and what they are saying.

Tips for Parenting #4: Show Your Children They Are Safe

When your child is scared or hesitant, give them comfort and let them know you are always there to protect them.

Tips for Parenting #5: Structure

In order to feel safe and to learn boundaries, children need a regular schedule of meals, naps, bedtimes, and other activities. Try posting a schedule where your children can view it as well as making clear the family rules and what consequences will take place should they break those rules.

Tips for Parenting #6: Consistency

Family Rules need to be clear and consistent. Both parents must enforce the same rules and it must be done all the time.

Tips for Parenting #7: Discipline

When you discipline your child, criticize the poor behavior and not the child. For example, do not say, “You are a bad boy!” but instead say “Hitting your sister is not nice and is not acceptable.” Then follow up with telling your child what to do instead of the bad behavior.

Tips for Parenting #8: Devote Time to Your Kids

Spending time with your kids is crucial in order to create a bond of trust and love. Do activities together that your children love such as reading, going to the park, taking a walk, etc. Oftentimes, bad behavior is an attempt to get the parent’s attention so be proactive and devote plenty of time to your children each and every day.

Tips for Parenting #9: Show Love

I say this again to reiterate how important it is that our children know they are loved. When your child’s head hits the pillow at the end of the night, if nothing else, they should know they are loved and cherished.



Adam

Michael Murphy asked:


 

Once upon a time there were two friends, Fred and Bob. Both joined the same networking marketing group, they often would meet for lunch and coffee and discuss just how rich they both were going to be. Bob said that he was going to use the Internet to propel his downline. Fred said he was going to use both online and offline methods.

Fred often participated in face-to-face presentations and meetings. He along with his business card, he would always hand out well written info packets that had his email list’s web address boldly highlighted. He always encouraged people to sign up for his email newsletter. Bob would just hand out his cards and hoped for the best

Fred always included his “Newsletter” flyer (a printed sample of email newsletter) in any outgoing envelopes, packages, direct mail or catalogs he sent to customers or to business partners. And he always included his web address to his email list in any print ads. Bob would try and remember to stuff a business card or two into mailings if he thought about it.

Fred changed all his email programs so that “Subscribe to My Email Newsletter” was added every email, he ever sent to anyone. Bob decided to keep on using his “freebie” email service because he didn’t want to pay for web hosting.

Everytime Fred spoke with a potential prospect on the phone; he would always ask if he could include them on his email list. Sure some people said no thanks, but he was pleasantly surprised how many people said yes. Bob would never ask someone over the phone for their email address that just was rude.

On holidays or as once every 2-3 months, Fred would send a postcard to his local clients and customers asking them to also sign up for his free monthly email newsletter. Bob never sent out post cards that was “defeating the purpose of the net”.

Fred took out small classified ads in his local “bargain shopper” newspaper because he knew that the newspaper also duplicated all ads on their website and that a good many readers viewed it from online. Bob never used any local ads, for fear of the market being crowded.

Fred used online classifieds like Craigslist to push targeted local traffic to his email landing page. Bob never investigated anything that was not presented in marketing kit.

After six months Fred had already made down a number of more pressing debts and for the first time in years was developing a nice nest egg. Fred has a converted downline of several hundred people who were making both themselves and him a nice income. Bob was very disappointed with the program and quit telling everyone what a “rip off” it was.

While it possible to build a downline completely using online methods, if possible you should also supplement your Web marketing methods of very easy and affordable “offline” methods as well.



Claire

Philip Tsang asked:


Millions of people take prescription sleep aids to improve their rest every night. Yet few of them realize the dangers of dependency or the likelihood that the pills’ effectiveness will decrease over time. Sleeping well at night involves more than just taking a pill or a supplement. To insure that you fall asleep and stay asleep, you need to put together a complete sleep program. Wait, it’s not as complicated as it sounds. By making a few choices about your day, your bedtime routine and your diet, you can greatly improve the amount and quality of sleep you get each and every night.

Your sleep program will only work if it’s highly personalized. You can start out by trying things that have worked for others, but ultimately you’re going to put together a package of behaviors and choices that work best for you, that reduce your sleep debt and fulfill your nightly need for rest and restoration. The amount of sleep that you need is the amount that is just right for you. How you achieve it will depend on your personal likes and dislikes as well. The main thing to remember is that the bottom line is not how good your sleep is, but how alert and productive you are during the day.

Most people find that their sleep is improved when they avoid certain activities and limit intake of certain items within a few hours of bedtime:

* Avoid watching television or looking at the computer screen for an hour before bedtime.

* Avoid drinking beer, wine or other alcohol within six hours of your bedtime.

* Don’t do any vigorous exercising within four to six hours of bedtime.

* Don’t eat any big meals within six hours of bedtime.

Are you starting to see a pattern here. The success of a bedtime routine really depends on your willingness to protect the hours before bedtime. You need to do those things which help you relax, and avoid any behaviors that can make sleep difficult. Here are some tips for the rest of your day:

* Try to stay awake during the day. Long naps during your waking hours can wreak havoc on your nighttime sleep patterns.

* Get regular exercise in the morning.

* Wake up at the same time every day.

* Get into the sunlight as soon as possible after you wake up. If you have to wake up before sunrise, use bright lights.

Having a sleep program that works is important for everyone from birth through adulthood.

If you combine restful bedtime routines with sleep-friendly daytime habits, you should be able to avoid the need for medication.



Jordan

Will Hanke asked:


Research has repeatedly shown that children succeed academically, socially and emotionally and become more well-rounded and balanced individuals if their parents are involved in their education and school activities. Getting involved also sends the message to children that parents are genuinely interested in their education, and that going to school is a positive, valuable cause.

But many parents don’t seem to show much interest in this cause when they aren’t participators in their children’s school activities. They often say they don’t have the time or energy or that they feel uncomfortable in their children’s schools. Other parents just seem to be confused about their options and how they can participate, or are just lacking the right information.

So how can schools get parents involved with school activities?

Communication is the key. A major reason for lack of parental involvement is lack of clear, straightforward and helpful information. Schools and teachers need to make contact with parents—in person, on the phone, through e-mail and websites, through letters and notes sent home, through newsletters. Teachers need to talk to parents in a basic manner without adding “educational jargon” and ensure parents have regular access to readable information about their children’s school activities—both in and out of the classroom.

Parents want to know what their children are learning, what school activities they are involved in, how they as parents can specifically be involved with their children’s education and school activities, how they can approach teachers and how they can help their children at home.

Providing this information regularly, consistently and in various formats will help bridge the gap between schools lacking parental involvement and parents not being involved in the schools.

Accommodation and inclusion is another strategy for getting parents involved in school activities. Parents need to know that schools are sensitive to their needs, lifestyles and demands. Teachers should try and work around parents’ work schedules for school activities, meetings and conferences, and also work around cultural or language barriers. Schools should make it easy, too, by letting parents know that involvement doesn’t have to be an all-consuming, complicated process.

Another way to be accommodating is to invite parents to act as partners in the school decision-making process. They should regularly ask for parents’ concerns and suggestions, and then deal with them accordingly. If schools want parents to come to school meetings, they could first of all provide a survey asking what dates and times are the most suitable, provide child care for younger siblings, and a “parental platform” during the meeting where parents are given the opportunity to speak, make suggestions and ask questions.

Be resourceful. Finally, schools should provide resources for parents who want to learn more and become more involved in their children’s school activities and education. Offer parent education classes. Create a parenting resource center at the school with informational material such as brochures, articles, magazines, tips, textbooks, videos and CDs or tapes. Develop a school website with a section for parents. Set up sessions or workshops at the school on issues like single parenting, helping with homework, improving grades and study skills, child care, raising teenagers, drug and sexual awareness, etc. Send “goodie bags” home filled with activities parents can do with their children.

The opportunities are endless, and if schools and teachers are truly committed to the cause of parental involvement in education and school activities, then they can get parents on board as well.



Tyler

Lindsay Wagner asked:


Should I consider finding a house nurse? Should I send my parent/parents to an old age home? What will make them happy?

It’s been documented that because millions of people are deciding to migrate, millions of frail elderly people are left behind to fend for themselves. While the young leave their home countries for a better life, their parents are often left in the lurch. It’s estimated that more than 1 000 people a week migrate to Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the United States. As a result, Hong Kong has seen a growing number of “elderly orphans”.



Perhaps the best and most sensible start would be to have a chat with your parents. Consider their feelings and their concerns. Perhaps, they’re not interested in such a massive change? Try to discuss your feelings and then compromise. Attempt to alleviate your parents concerns. Offer alternatives to ideas you do not agree with.

Once you’ve had a heart-to-heart with your parents, set up a meeting with a clued up consultant, for in depth information. Then consider your various options.



Usually, parents aren’t included as accompanying dependants of the main applicant. Parents can be sponsored once the applicant becomes a permanent resident. In exceptional cases an elderly parent can be included as an accompanying dependant pursuant to the Last Surviving Member policy.

Family Sponsorship

Currently, when applying for the entry of parents or grandparents it is done under the family sponsorship route. You require a proof of relationship and meeting the LICO (low Income Cut Off) Standards of Income. Canadian applications to sponsor your parents, will require you to prove to the Canada Immigration that you have sufficient income to support a family group of a certain number. Everything is dependent on the Canadian city you plan to live in.

Note:

Each country abides by a set of rules such as Australia.



Family Stream of Australian Migration Program: With this visa you’re able to the reunion in Australia of immediate family members, including parents. Consider; the parent category and the contributory parent category.

Contributory parent category: This category is considered ahigher priority. This Visa has a substantially higher visa application charge and larger Assurance of Support (AoS) bond, with a longer AoS period).

Parent Category comprises:

(for applicants from outside Australia). This category comprises of Subclass 103 Parent (Migrant) Visa and (for applicants applying from within Australia) Subclass 804 Aged Parent (Residence) Visa).

You could contact organisations such as http://www.elderlyparents.org.uk. These organisations will help you and your parents make the neccessary decisions.

Your Parents still have their lives to live. They should have the right to make choices that will make them happy. Your parents should be a priority.



Want more information from one of our trained professionals? Fill out our Free Online Assessment  form or call us on 0845 2 606030 on a no obligation basis.

Disclaimer: While all due care has been taken to ensure that the information within this article at the time of publication is correct, I.U cannot accept responsibility for the content for any inaccuracies that occurs as a result of changes in immigration regulations, policy or other variables affecting the eligibility of individual applicants. Immigration laws, skill shortage determinations etc are subject to change by appropriate authorities and thus are outside of our control. Please contact us for further advice before taking steps towards immigrating. This article is published in good faith.

Perhaps Australia or New Zealand is a perfect option for you -complete a free online assessment and find out! Consider the countries, democracy and an absolute feeling of freedom!



Alexandra

Maury D. Beaulier asked:


A Termination of Parental Rights (TPR) is a legal action that terminates all of a parents rights to make decisions for a child or to care for that child.

A Termination of Parental Rights may be voluntary or involuntary. All too often parents are pressured into relinquishing their rights based on allegations of abuse, neglect or abandonment. The consequences are significant and long lasting. A parent should never enter into such proceedings unrepresented. The result is often final.

Under Minnesota Statutes, a juvenile court may, upon petition, terminate ALL rights of a parent to a child. It may do so:



with the written consent of a parent who for good cause desires to terminate parental rights (Note: wishing to avoid a child support obligation is not “good cause);

if it finds that one or more of the following conditions exist:



that the parent has abandoned the child;

that the parent has substantially, continuously, or repeatedly refused or neglected to comply with the duties imposed upon that parent by the parent and child relationship, including but not limited to providing the child with necessary food, clothing, shelter, education, and other care and control necessary for the child’s physical, mental, or emotional health and development, if the parent is physically and financially able, and either reasonable efforts by the social services agency have failed to correct the conditions that formed the basis of the petition or reasonable efforts would be futile and therefore unreasonable;

that a parent has been ordered to contribute to the support of the child or financially aid in the child’s birth and has continuously failed to do so without good cause. This clause shall not be construed to state a grounds for termination of parental rights of a noncustodial parent if that parent has not been ordered to or cannot financially contribute to the support of the child or aid in the child’s birth;

that a parent is palpably unfit to be a party to the parent and child relationship because of a consistent pattern of specific conduct before the child or of specific conditions directly relating to

the parent and child relationship either of which are determined by the court to be of a duration or nature that renders the parent unable, for the reasonably foreseeable future, to care appropriately for the ongoing physical, mental, or emotional needs of the child. It is presumed that a parent is palpably unfit to be a party to the parent and child relationship upon a showing that the parent’s parental rights to one or more other children were involuntarily terminated or that the parent’s custodial rights to another child have been involuntarily transferred to a relative under section 260C.201, Subd 11, paragraph (e), clause (1), or a similar law of another jurisdiction;

that following the child’s placement out of the home, reasonable efforts, under the direction of the court, have failed to correct the conditions leading to the child’s placement. It is presumed that reasonable efforts under this clause have failed upon a showing that:



(i) a child has resided out of the parental home under court order for a cumulative period of 12 months within the preceding 22 months. In the case of a child under age eight at the time the petition was filed alleging the child to be in need of protection or services, the presumption arises when the child has resided out of the parental home under court order for six months unless the parent has maintained regular contact with the child and the parent is complying with the out-of-home placement plan;

the court has approved the out-of-home placement plan required under section 260C.212 and filed with the court under section 260C.178;

conditions leading to the out-of-home placement have not been corrected. It is presumed that conditions leading to a child’s out-of-home placement have not been corrected upon a showing that the parent or parents have not substantially complied with the court’s orders and a reasonable case plan; and

reasonable efforts have been made by the social services agency to rehabilitate the

parent and reunite the family It should be noted that that parental right may be terminated prior to one year, or in the case of a child under age eight, prior to six months after a child has been placed out of the home.

It is also presumed that reasonable efforts have failed under this clause upon a showing that:



the parent has been diagnosed as chemically dependent by a professional certified to make the diagnosis;

the parent has been required by a case plan to participate in a chemical dependency treatment program;

the treatment programs offered to the parent were culturally, linguistically, and clinically appropriate;

the parent has either failed two or more times to successfully complete a treatment program or has refused at two or more separate meetings with a caseworker to participate in a treatment program; and

the parent continues to abuse chemicals.









that a child has experienced egregious harm in the parent’s care which is of a nature, duration, or chronicity that indicates a lack of regard for the child’s well-being, such that a reasonable person would believe it contrary to the best interest of the child or of any child to being in the parent’s care;

that in the case of a child born to a mother who was not married to the child’s father when the child was conceived nor when the child was born the person is not entitled to notice of an adoption hearing under section 259.49 and the person has not registered with the fathers’ adoption registry under section 259.52;

that the child is neglected and in foster care; or

that the parent has been convicted of a crime listed in section 260.012, paragraph b,

clauses (1) to (3).



In an action involving an American Indian child, sections 260.751 to 260.835 and the Indian Child Welfare Act, United States Code, title 25, sections 1901 to 1923, control to the extent that the provisions of this section are inconsistent with those laws.





A termination of parental rights requires a high standard of proof and must be proven by clear and convincing evidence. Any person with knowledge of the circumstances may seek to terminate parental rights. The end result of a termination is that the all rights of the parent may be terminated but it does not extinguish that parents responsibility to pay any past balance for child support.



Julian